Charles II

Charles II (born 1332—died Jan. 1, 1387) was the king of Navarre from 1349, who made various short-lived attempts to expand Navarrese power in both France and Spain.

He was the son and successor of Joan of France, queen of Navarre, and Philip, count of Évreux. Married in 1352 to Joan, daughter of John II of France, he demanded Champagne, Brie, and Angoulême as fiefs once held by his mother. Because John had granted these to the constable of France, Charles of La Cerda, Charles II’s supporters assassinated the constable (1354); but, since Charles II was meanwhile negotiating with the English, John had to make terms with him, ceding extensive lands in Normandy. When Charles continued plotting with the English, John had him arrested at Rouen (April 1356). Soon afterward the English captured John at Poitiers. Escaping from prison in November 1357, Charles began a series of treacherous dealings with every party in France and, in his dealings with the dauphin (later Charles V), recovered Normandy. He then went back to Navarre.

In Spain he first supported Peter the Cruel of Castile against Peter IV of Aragon (1362), then allied himself with Peter IV and Henry of Trastámara against Peter (1363). Then John of France died (1364) and Charles V by military action forced Charles to renounce almost all his major claims in France.

Britannica Quiz

Kings and Emperors (Part III) Quiz

In 1378 Charles II’s son and future successor Charles the Noble had to acknowledge evidence found in France, proving that his father had been planning not only a new alliance with England but also the poisoning of Charles V. This meant the final loss of all Navarre’s Norman possessions except Cherbourg. An attempt to seize Logroño from Castile (1378) ended in defeat, and the treaty of Briones (1379) tied Navarre to Castilian policy.