Jakob Stämpfli

Jakob Stämpfli (born Feb. 23, 1820, Janzenhaus, Switz.—died May 15, 1879, Bern) was a radical politician, three times president of the Swiss Confederation.

A radical Bernese lawyer and founder of a local newspaper (Berner Zeitung), Stämpfli participated in the abortive armed attack on the clericalist government of Luzern (1845) and between 1846 and 1850 played an important role in the cantonal politics of Bern. After conservative gains in the elections of 1850, he used the Berner Zeitung to attack the cantonal government. In federal politics he served in the National Assembly between 1848 and 1854, acting as its president in 1851. Elected to the federal executive body (Bundesrat) in December 1854, he subsequently thrice served as president of the confederation (1856, 1859, 1862) and headed various government departments: justice (1855), finance (1857, 1858), and the army (1860, 1861, 1863). He was a vehement partisan of federal interests in the Swiss quarrels with Prussia over Neuchâtel (1856–57) and with France over Savoy (1859), and he led the early unsuccessful struggle to nationalize Swiss railways (1862).

Later, Stämpfli participated in the creation of the federal bank, largely controlling its policy until 1878, and in 1871 he helped arbitrate the Alabama claims (U.S. maritime grievances accumulated against Great Britain during and after the American Civil War). Largely abandoning federal politics in 1863 after the failure of his railroad program, he subsequently dominated Bernese politics, though after 1875 he again served in the National Assembly.