León Felipe

León Felipe (born April 11, 1884, Tábara, Spain—died Sept. 18, 1968, Mexico City, Mex.) was a Spanish poet known chiefly as a poet of the Spanish Civil War.

After performing across Spain with a traveling theatre company, Felipe published his first book, Versos y oraciones de caminante (1919; “Verses and Prayers of a Traveler”), in Madrid. He worked for an extended period of time in Mexico and the United States as a literature professor, a librarian, and a cultural attaché. Following a brief stay in Spain and the defeat of the Second Republic, he moved permanently to Mexico. His later works include La insignia (1936; “The Insignia”), El payaso de las bofetadas (1938; “The Buffeted Clown”), Pescador de caña (1938; “Fisherman with the Cane Pole”), El hacha (1939; “The Axe”), Español del éxodo y del llanto (1939; “Spaniard of Exodus and Weeping”), Ganarás la luz (1943; “You Will Earn the Light”), España e hispanidad (1947; “Spain and Hispanicity”), Llamadme publicano (1950; “Call Me Publican”), El ciervo (1954; “The Deer”), and Oh este viejo y solo violín (1968; “Oh That Old and Lonely Violin”). In 1941 he translated Walt Whitman’s poem “Song of Myself” into Spanish. Among bilingual editions of Felipe’s work are The Living Voice of León Felipe (1973), translated by Dorothy Prats, and León Felipe, the Last Troubadour: Selected Shorter Poems (1979), edited and compiled by Robert Houston with Criss Cannady.