Robert Hass

Robert Hass (born March 1, 1941, San Francisco, California, U.S.) is an American poet and translator whose body of work and tenure as poet laureate of the United States (1995–97) revealed his deep conviction that poetry, as one critic put it, “is what defines the self.”

Hass attended St. Mary’s College (B.A., 1963) in Moraga, California, and Stanford University (M.A., 1965; Ph.D., 1976). In the late 1960s he began teaching, working from 1971 to 1974 and 1975 to 1989 at St. Mary’s. In 1989 he joined the faculty of the University of California at Berkeley. Named poet laureate consultant in poetry in 1995, he used his two terms in the position to promote poetry and literacy, thus helping to redefine a position that until then had largely been ceremonial. Poet’s Choice: Poems for Everyday Life (1998) contains the weekly columns he wrote for the Washington Post during this period.

Hass’s first poetry collection, Field Guide, was published in 1973 after winning the Yale Series of Younger Poets Award. It is filled with images of nature and the California landscape, common themes in his work, and is noted for the clarity and conciseness of its language. In Praise (1979), his second volume, Hass eloquently examines the use of language. His volume of essays on and reviews of American, European, and Japanese poets, Twentieth Century Pleasures: Prose on Poetry (1984; 3rd ed., 1997), won a National Book Critics Circle Award in 1984. His translations, with others, of several works by Czesław Miłosz—including The Separate Notebooks (1984; with poet Robert Pinsky, Miłosz, and Renata Gorcyzski), Unattainable Earth (1986; with Miłosz), The Collected Poems, 1931–1987 (1988), and Provinces (1991; also with Miłosz)—and his introduction to and editing and verse translations of The Essential Haiku: Versions of Bashō, Buson, and Issa (1994) and other volumes are evidence of the range of his interest in and engagement with poetic vision.

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Among his own subsequent collections of poetry were Human Wishes (1989) and Sun Under Wood (1996), which won for Hass a second National Book Critics Circle Award. He spent much of the next decade teaching and working with human rights and environmental groups. He continued writing during this period, and his work, collected as Time and Materials: Poems, 1997–2005 (2007), received a National Book Award and a Pulitzer Prize. The Apple Trees at Olema: New and Selected Poems was published in 2010. Four years later Hass received the Wallace Stevens Award from the Academy of American Poets. Summer Snow: New Poems appeared in 2020. His nonfiction included What Light Can Do: Essays on Art, Imagination, and the Natural World (2012). He also wrote A Little Book on Form: An Exploration into the Formal Imagination of Poetry (2017).