Sauganash

Sauganash (born 1780, Canada—died Sept. 28, 1841, near Council Bluffs, Iowa Territory, U.S.) was a Potawatomi Indian chief whose friendship with the white settlers in Chicago was important in the development of that city.

Sauganash was of partly English or Irish ancestry. He was educated by Roman Catholic priests in Detroit and became fluent in French and English. He served the Shawnee leader Tecumseh as an interpreter until Tecumseh’s death in the Battle of the Thames (Ontario) in 1813. For several years Sauganash was captain of the Indian department under the British government in Canada. In 1820 he moved to Fort Dearborn (now Chicago), declared his allegiance to the United States, and from 1826 was a justice of the peace.

His negotiations forestalled a Winnebago Indian uprising in 1827, and in 1832 he worked to prevent Indians in the Chicago area from joining the hostile Sauk and Fox led by Black Hawk in northwestern Illinois. His name was borne by Chicago’s first commercial building of consequence, the Sauganash Hotel, opened by Mark Beaubien in 1829.