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Socrates
Table of Contents
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Philosophical and literary sources
Xenophon
Plato
Aristotle
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Background of the trial
Religious scandal and the coup of the oligarchs
The perceived fragility of Athenian democracy
The Athenian ideal of free speech
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Apology
The public’s hatred of Socrates
The impression created by Aristophanes
The human resistance to self-reflection
Socrates’ criticism of democracy
The charge of impiety
Socrates’ radical reconception of piety
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Socrates summary
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Ancient Greece
An Odyssey of Grecian Literature
Philosophy 101
Related Questions
Who was Socrates?
What did Socrates teach?
How do we know what Socrates thought?
Why did Athens condemn Socrates to death?
Why didn’t Socrates try to escape his death sentence?
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Philosophy & Religion
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Socrates: Media
Greek philosopher
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Videos
Examine what is known about the ancient Athenian philosopher Socrates from Plato's dialogues and other sources
Philosopher and educator Mortimer J. Adler discussing Socrates as a man, a teacher,...
Video: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
View Yannis Simonides performing
Socrates Now
, a theatrical adaptation of Plato's
Apology of Socrates
, with remarks on Martin Luther King, Jr., and Nelson Mandela
Yannis Simonides performing excerpts from his one-man show,
Socrates Now
,...
Video: Courtesy of Northwestern University (
A Britannica Publishing Partner
)
Images
Socrates
Herm of the ancient Greek philosopher Socrates, from a Greek original, second half...
© Alfredo Dagli Orti/Shutterstock.com
Socrates
Socrates, Roman fresco, 1st century bce; in the...
G. Dagli Orti—DeAgostini/Getty Images
Socrates
The Death of Socrates
, oil on canvas by Jacques-Louis David, 1787; in the...
The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City; Catharine Lorillard Wolfe Collection; Wolfe-Fund, 1931 (accession no. 31.45); www.metmuseum.org
Aristophanes
Aristophanes, marble double bust, early 4th century bce;...
Erich Lessing/Art Resource, New York
Socrates
Socrates, marble portrait bust; National Archaeological Museum, Athens.
Photos.com/Getty Images
Socrates and his students
Socrates and his students, miniature from Mubashshir ibn Fātik,
Mukhtār al-ḥikam...
Ken Welsh/Alamy
Socrates
Socrates, herm with a restored nose probably copied from the Greek original by Lysippus,...
Courtesy of the Soprintendenza alle Antichita della Campania, Naples
VIEW MORE
in these related Britannica articles:
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Media for: John Locke
Media for: David Hume
Media for: Aristotle