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Alessandro Farnese
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Alessandro Farnese, duke of Parma and Piacenza
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Facts

Also Known As Alessandro Farnese, duca di Parma e Piacenza
Born August 27, 1545 • Rome • Italy
Died December 3, 1592 (aged 47) • Arras • France
Title / Office governor-general (1578-1592), Spanish Netherlands
House / Dynasty Farnese family
Role In Eighty Years’ War

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Alessandro Farnese, duke of Parma and Piacenza
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Albert VII
archduke of Austria
Cesare Borgia
Cesare Borgia
Italian noble
Ambrogio Spinola
Ambrogio di Filippo Spinola, marquis de los Balbases
Spanish military officer
Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres: painting of Joan of Arc
St. Joan of Arc
French heroine
Henry IV, undated copperplate engraving.
Henry IV
king of France
Maurice, prince of Orange
Maurice
stadholder of The Netherlands
Frederick Henry, prince of Orange, count of Nassau
prince of Orange
Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, 3rd duke de Alba, oil painting by Sir Antony More, 1549; in the Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium, Brussels.
Fernando Álvarez de Toledo y Pimentel, 3 duque de Alba
Spanish soldier and statesman
Henry de Guise
Henri I de Lorraine, 3 duc de Guise
French noble
Louis of Nassau, panel portrait by an unknown artist, 1574; in the Orange Nassau Museum, Delft, Neth.
Louis of Nassau
Dutch political leader
Juan José de Austria
prime minister of Spain
William Louis
stadholder of Friesland
Konishi Yukinaga
Japanese general
Patrick Sarsfield
Irish Jacobite
Mayenne, engraving 16th century
Charles de Lorraine, duke de Mayenne
French noble
Christopher
duke of Württemberg
Pope Gregory VII, after his expulsion from Rome, laying a ban of excommunication on the clergy “together with the raging king” (Henry IV of Germany), drawing from the 12th-century chronicle of Otto of Freising; in the library of the University of Jena, Germany.
St. Gregory VII
pope
St. Gregory the Great
pope
Innocent III
Innocent III
pope
John XXIII
St. John XXIII
pope