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Off the Hook: 10 Sharks Protected From Fishing in American Waters

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Written by
Richard Pallardy
Richard Pallardy received a B.A. in English from Illinois State University in 2005. He was a research editor with Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc. from 2008 to 2016 and worked on Britannica Blog from 2010...
Richard Pallardy
Fact-checked by
The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors.
The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
white shark. white shark (Carcharodon carcharias), also called great white shark or white pointer.
White shark (Carcharodon carcharias)White sharks (Carcharodon carcharias) have a sharply pointed conical snout, large pectoral and dorsal fins, and a strong crescent-shaped tail.
© willtu/Fotolia
A bloody slab of Americana if there ever was one, Jaws is frequently cited as having been a major catalyst in inflaming public sentiment against sharks. Nonetheless, the United States is a world leader in the protection of shark fisheries, having passed the Shark Finning Prohibition Act in 2000 and the Shark Conservation Act in 2010. That legislation respectively established and strengthened prohibitions on the harvesting of sharks for their fins.
Even so, fishing regulations vary by state and region. Protections are far stronger for sharks cruising the Atlantic, thanks in large part to the Highly Migratory Species Fisheries Management Plan instituted for the eastern seaboard, which outright prohibits the landing of 19 species.

  • great white shark

    white shark. white shark (Carcharodon carcharias), also called great white shark or white pointer near Guadalupe Island (Isla Guadalupe), Mexico, Baja California peninsula, Pacific Ocean.
    white shark (Carcharodon carcharias)Some individual white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias) may travel far out to sea or into tropical waters, but field studies show that most return to these temperate feeding areas each year.
    © jagronick/Fotolia

    The great white (Carcharodon carcharias) has been protected in California waters since 1994 and in American Atlantic waters since 1997.

  • whale shark

    Whale shark (Rhincodon typus) swimming with golden trevally (Gnathanodon speciosus), which ride along in front of the filter-feeding shark, protected from predators. (pilotfish)
    whale sharkWhale shark (Rhincodon typus) swimming with golden trevallies (Gnathanodon speciosus), which ride in front of the filter-feeding shark, protected from predators.
    © Matthew Potenski

    The whale shark (Rhincodon typus) has been protected in American Atlantic waters since 1997.

  • basking shark

    basking shark. Basking shark (Cetorhinus maximus) sluggish shark of the family Cetorhinidae feeds on plankton. Second largest fish in the world, dermal denticles covers its body surface, a filter feeder, swims with its mouth open. Photo circa 2006.
    basking sharkBasking shark (Cetorhinus maximus).
    Chris Gotschalk

    The basking shark (Cetorhinus maximus) has been protected in American Atlantic waters since 1997.

  • sand tiger shark

    Sand tiger sharks. A sand tiger shark (Carcharias taurus) April 11, 2006. Sand tiger sharks are four sharks belonging to the family Odontaspididae order Lamniformes. Aka blue or grey nurse shark, spotted ragged tooth shark.
    sand tiger shark
    Jeff Kubina

    The sand tiger shark (Carcharias taurus) has been protected in American Atlantic waters since 1997.

  • sixgill shark

    shark. bluntnose sixgill shark, Hexanchus griseus aka cow shark aprox. 8 ft. long, Gulf of Mexico, August 23, 2005. Largest hexanchoid shark can grow to 4.8 m (16 ft) long.
    bluntnose sixgill shark
    NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration/ Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution

    The sixgill shark (Hexanchus griseus) has been protected in American Atlantic waters since 1999.

  • Atlantic angel shark

    angel shark. The sand devil or Atlantic angel shark (Squatina dumeril) a species of angel shark, family Squatinidae, native to the northwestern Atlantic Ocean.
    Atlantic angel shark
    Collection of Brandi Noble, NOAA/NMFS/SEFSC

    The Atlantic angel shark (Squatina dumeril) has been protected in American Atlantic waters since 1999.

  • night shark

    Night shark (Carcharhinus signatus) from the Gulf of Mexico 2004. Species of requiem shark, family Carcharhinidae.
    night shark
    Collection of Brandi Noble, NOAA/NMFS/SEFSC

    The night shark (Carcharhinus signatus) has been protected in American Atlantic waters since 1999.

  • Caribbean reef shark

    A Caribbean Reef Shark (Carcharhinius perezi) swims along a reef in clear blue water with the shadow of a boat on the surface and another shark in the background.
    Caribbean reef sharkCaribbean reef shark (Carcharhinus perezi).
    © A Cotton Photo/Shutterstock.com

    The Caribbean reef shark (Carcharhinus perezi) has been protected in American Atlantic waters since 1999.

  • bigeye thresher shark

    Bigeye thresher shark. thresher sharks. A bigeye thresher (Alopias superciliosus) hooked on a longline. Commonly caught as bycatch in pelagic longlines. Species of thresher shark found worldwide in temperate and tropical oceans.
    bigeye thresher shark
    NOAA

    The bigeye thresher shark (Alopias superciliosus) has been protected in American Atlantic waters since 1999.

  • Galapagos shark

    A large school of mano (sharks) called Galapagos sharks at Maro Reef in the Papahanaumokuakea Marine National Monument. Galapagos shark (Carcharhinus galapagensis)a worldwide species of requiem shark, family Carcharhinidae.
    Galapagos sharks
    James Watt—SeaPics via NOAA

    The Galapagos shark (Carcharhinus galapagensis) has been protected in American Atlantic waters since 1999.