Bowie, city, Prince George’s county, central Maryland, U.S., an eastern suburb of Washington, D.C. The first significant settlement at the site was Belair, an estate built about 1745 for Governor Samuel Ogle. A small farming community called Huntington developed there. In the 1870s the site was chosen as a major rail junction, which spurred the town’s growth. It was renamed Bowie in 1880 for Oden Bowie, governor of Maryland (1867–72), and incorporated in 1916. Bowie’s population stayed small until the late 1950s, when a developer bought the land of the Belair estate. Over the next two decades several thousand homes were built on the tract, which was merged into Bowie in the early 1960s.

Bowie remains primarily residential. The area is associated with Thoroughbred horse breeding, the first horses having been brought in by Governor Ogle in the 1740s. The restored Belair Mansion (including its stables) is now a museum, and the Huntington Railroad Museum occupies the old rail buildings. Bowie State University (1865), part of the University of Maryland system, is just to the north. Pop. (2000) 50,269; (2010) 54,727.