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Enfield

Connecticut, United States
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Article History

Enfield, town (township), Hartford county, northern Connecticut, U.S., on the Connecticut River at the Massachusetts border. It includes the industrial subdivisions of Thompsonville and Hazardville. The area was settled by a group from Salem, Massachusetts, in 1680 and was named for Enfield, England. A surveyor’s error in 1642 placed it in Massachusetts, where in 1683 it became a town. After a long boundary dispute, Enfield was annexed to Connecticut in 1749, but it was not until 1804 that the boundary was finally established. The carpet industry, begun by Orrin Thompson about 1828 at Thompsonville and expanded by a series of mergers, was the economic mainstay until the last mills closed in 1971. The gunpowder industry, developed by Colonel A.G. Hazard (1833), was another early enterprise. Asnuntuck Community College was opened (1972) in Enfield. Area 34 square miles (87 square km). Pop. (2000) 45,212; (2010) 44,654.