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Muskogee
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The chapel of Bacone College, Muskogee, Okla.
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The chapel of Bacone College, Muskogee, Okla.
The chapel of Bacone College, Muskogee, Okla.

Muskogee

Oklahoma, United States
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Muskogee, city, seat (1907) of Muskogee county, east-central Oklahoma, U.S. It is located near the confluence of the Verdigris, Grand (Neosho), and Arkansas rivers, is surrounded by lakes, and lies southeast of Tulsa. Founded in 1872 on the Missouri-Kansas-Texas Railroad and named for the Muskogee (or Upper Creek) Indians, it became the agency headquarters for the so-called Five Civilized Tribes (Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek, and Seminole), which had been forcibly relocated from the eastern United States in the 1830s. Growth was stimulated by the opening of oil and gas fields in 1904. Diversified industry includes the manufacture of glass and optical machinery, steel fabrication, and food processing. In 1970, with the opening of Arkansas River navigation, Muskogee became Oklahoma’s first port with access to the Gulf of Mexico. Bacone College was founded in 1880. The Five Civilized Tribes Museum (opened 1876) is in Honor Heights Park. The city is the home of the Oklahoma School for the Blind. Fort Gibson (1824; reconstructed) is nearby. Inc. 1898. Pop. (2000) 38,310; (2010) 39,223.

This article was most recently revised and updated by John M. Cunningham.