pride

pride, in human psychology, a feeling of pleasure related to self-worth and often derived from personal achievements or talents, desirable possessions, or membership in an ethnic, religious, gender, social, political, or professional community or organization, among other associations. Pride can be related to feelings of self-respect, confidence, satisfaction, and self-worth. When one has some level of admiration for other people or groups with whom one has some connection or affiliation—such as friends or relatives, fellow community members, or hometown sports teams—one can be said to be proud of them. People who boast about their own achievements or some aspect of themselves, such as their physical appearance (excessive pride in which can be thought of as vanity), are said to have too much pride, or to be prideful. In that sense, pride can be related to conceit.

Throughout history community leaders and government officials have encouraged national, regional, or cultural pride for various purposes, such as encouraging a reform movement or furthering a war effort. Many groups and grassroots efforts, especially those involving marginalized members of society, have gained momentum by instilling or fostering a strong sense of pride and identity in its participants. See also Gay Pride.

Religious and philosophical views concerning pride are varied. In the New Testament the Gospel According to Matthew 5:16 relates one of the teachings of Jesus: “let your light shine before others, so that they may see your good works and give glory to your Father in heaven.” In contrast, in the Laws, an earlier dialogue by the ancient Greek philosopher Plato (428/427–348/347 bce), an unnamed Athenian visitor, who presumably represents the views of Plato himself, asserts that “the excessive love of self is in reality the source to each man of all offenses.”

Healthy pride in one’s accomplishments or social groups is distinct from the Christian sin of pride, which is also known as “vainglory.” In Roman Catholictheology, an excess of pride is one of the seven deadly sins (vices that spur other sins and further immoral behaviour), enumerated by St. Gregory the Great (Pope Gregory I) in the 6th century and elaborated upon in the 13th century by the theologian and philosopher St. Thomas Aquinas.

Likely because pride as an experience or attitude can be either positive or negative, the term has a variety of meanings in several common idioms, such as:

• “Pride comes before a fall”—an adaptation of Proverbs 16:18 from the Hebrew Bible (Old Testament), which reads, “Pride goes before destruction, and a haughty spirit before a fall”: excessive pride can lead to serious errors of judgment with profoundly harmful consequences.
• “To swallow one’s pride”: to effectively relinquish one’s dignity and to be unnaturally humble in pursuit of some form of help.
• “Pride of place”: the placement of an object in the highest or first position within an arrangement of other objects, in recognition of the relative importance of that which the object represents.
• “Wounded pride”: a sense of shame or a loss of self-respect.