Alagoinhas, city, northeastern Bahia estado (state), northeastern Brazil, lying 35 miles (56 km) inland from the Atlantic coast at 607 feet (185 metres) above sea level. It was elevated to city rank in 1880, and its municipality is one of the largest orange-producing regions in the state. Bananas, lemons, and cassava (manioc) are also cultivated, and dairying is widespread. Tanning, petroleum, and lumbering are also important. Products are exported by rail and road to Salvador, the state capital, 70 miles (113 km) south, and to neighbouring communities. Pop. (2010) 141,949.