Comilla, city, eastern Bangladesh. It is situated just south of the Gumti River, which is a tributary of the Meghna River.
Connected by road and rail with Dhaka and Chittagong, Comilla has been a centre for the collection of hides and skins; it also has jute and cotton mills as well as a thermal power station. The main cottage industries are cane and bamboo basketry, pottery, woodworking, and cotton weaving. The city is distinguished by the great size and number (more than 400) of its water-storage tanks; the Dharma Sagar tank, measuring 1 mile (1.6 km) in circumference, was constructed by a raja in the 15th century. The city was constituted a municipality in 1864. It contains several libraries, a museum, and more than a dozen colleges, the oldest and most notable of which is Comilla Victoria University College (1899).
The surrounding area consists chiefly of a level alluvial plain intersected by rivers and inundated during the rainy season. Rice, jute, wheat, mustard seed, and eggplant are the chief crops; jackfruit, bananas, and coconuts are among the main fruits. Some tea and cotton are grown on the hillsides. The area formed part of the Hill Tippera princely state until 1733, when it was annexed by the Mughals. In 1765 its administration passed to the British East India Company. Pop. (2001) 166,519; (2011) 326,286.