conceptismo, (from Spanish concepto, “literary conceit”), in Spanish literature, an affectation of style cultivated by essayists, especially satirists, in the 17th century. Conceptismo was characterized by its use of striking metaphors, expressed either concisely and epigrammatically or elaborated into lengthy conceits. Conceptismo played on ideas as the related culteranismo (q.v.) played on language.
Concerned primarily with the stripping off of appearances in a witty manner, conceptismo found its best expression in the satirical essay. Its chief exponents were Francisco Gómez de Quevedo y Villegas, who is generally considered the master satirist of his age, in Los sueños (1627; “Dreams”); and Baltasar Gracián, the theoretician of conceptismo, who codified its stylistic precepts in Agudeza y arte de ingenio (1642, enlarged 1648; “Wit and Art of Ingenuity”). By the middle of the century, however, the style had lost its original vitality as it became more rigid and mannered.