Yousaf Raza Gilani
Yousaf Raza Gilani (born June 9, 1952, Karachi, Pakistan) is a Pakistani politician who was the prime minister of Pakistan (2008–12).
Gilani was born into a prominent family of landowners from the Punjab province, many of whom were involved in politics, including his father, who was a provincial minister during the 1950s. After studying at the University of Punjab (M.A., 1976), Gilani joined the Pakistan Muslim League (PML) in 1978. In 1985 he was elected to the federal parliament. He received an appointment in the cabinet of Prime Minister Mohammad Khan Junejo, but a conflict with Junejo led to Gilani’s being replaced in 1986 and in his eventual marginalization within the PML.
Gilani joined the Pakistan People’s Party (PPP) after Pres. Mohammad Zia-ul-Haq dismissed Junejo’s government in 1988. The PPP returned to power under Benazir Bhutto following Zia’s death in a plane crash later that year. Gilani served as speaker of the National Assembly (1993–97) during Bhutto’s second term as prime minister. Bhutto was removed as prime minister in 1996, and in elections the following year Gilani lost his seat in parliament while the PPP suffered a decisive defeat nationally. He remained a senior member of the PPP. Gilani was arrested in 2001 on charges of having granted illegal government appointments while he was speaker, and he served more than four years in prison, though he maintained his innocence.
In October 2007 Bhutto returned to Pakistan from self-imposed exile to lead the PPP in general elections called for early 2008. In December 2007, however, she was assassinated. Following her death, Bhutto’s husband, Asif Ali Zardari, became head of the PPP, which managed to win the most seats in elections held in February 2008. Gilani won a seat from the Multan district. The PPP subsequently negotiated a coalition agreement with Nawaz Sharif’s Pakistan Muslim League–Nawaz. With Zardari ineligible to become prime minister, because he had not been elected to the parliament, in March the PPP selected Gilani to become prime minister. Zardari won the presidential election in September 2008.
In February 2012 the Supreme Court charged Gilani with contempt for failing to reactivate a money-laundering investigation against Zardari after a 2009 Supreme Court decision overturned an amnesty protecting politicians accused of corruption. Gilani, who insisted that the charges were politically motivated, was convicted in April 2012; however, he was sentenced to only a few minutes of confinement. In June the Supreme Court ruled that the conviction in April disqualified Gilani from serving as prime minister.
While serving his prison sentence in the early 2000s, Gilani wrote Cāh-i Yūsuf se ṣadā (2006; “Reflections from Yusuf’s Well”), a memoir and commentary on Pakistani political history.