Lamar Alexander (born July 3, 1940, Maryville, Tennessee, U.S.) is an American politician who was elected as a Republican to the U.S. Senate in 2002 and began representing Tennessee the following year. He previously served as governor of the state (1979–87).
A seventh-generation Tennessean, Alexander was born in Maryville, the son of a schoolteacher and elementary school principal. In 1962 he received a bachelor’s degree in Latin American studies from Vanderbilt University. After earning a law degree (1965) from New York University, he served as a clerk to the U.S. Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals in New Orleans. He then was an assistant to U.S. Sen. Howard Baker and served in the administration of Pres. Richard Nixon, working as the assistant to the president’s executive assistant. In 1969 Alexander married Honey Buhler, and the couple later had four children. He returned to Tennessee the following year to manage the gubernatorial campaign of Winfield Dunn, the first Republican to win that office in half a century. Alexander then cofounded (1972) a law firm in Nashville.
In 1974 Alexander launched his own bid for governor. However, his campaign suffered from his association with Nixon, who resigned in August of that year because of the Watergate scandal, and Alexander ultimately lost the election. In 1978 he again ran and this time won. During his two terms (1979–87) as governor, Alexander was noted for implementing education reforms and for promoting business in the state. After leaving office, he cofounded (1987) a chain of children’s day-care centres. He also briefly lived in Australia before becoming president of the University of Tennessee system in 1988. He left that post in 1991 to serve as secretary of education in the administration of U.S. Pres. George H.W. Bush.
Alexander made unsuccessful bids to become the Republican Party’s presidential candidate in 1996 and 2000. In 2002 he ran for the U.S. Senate and won with 54 percent of the vote, becoming the first Tennessean to have been elected both governor and U.S. senator.
After entering the Senate in 2003, Alexander became known as a moderate to conservative Republican with a reputation for bipartisanship. He was particularly interested in education issues but increasingly took a states’ rights view of educational standards. He later wrote the Every Student Succeeds Act (2015), which revised No Child Left Behind (2001) to give states more control in issues relating to public education. Alexander also assumed a strong leadership position on energy issues. From 2008 to 2012 he was chair of the Senate Republican Conference, the third-ranking Republican position in that chamber. He later supported filibuster reform, notably proposing that it be banned for nominations to the Supreme Court and to other key positions within the federal government. In 2015 he became chair of the Senate Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions Committee. In that role he was a key figure in talks concerning the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (2010; PPACA). Although he supported a failed effort to repeal and replace the legislation in 2017, later that year he was involved in a bipartisan attempt to bolster the PPACA. In 2018 Alexander announced that he would not seek reelection in 2020.
Alexander wrote several books, including Six Months Off: An American Family’s Australian Adventure (1988) and Lamar Alexander’s Little Plaid Book (1998), in which he discussed running for office and encouraged public service.