Altona, northwest district of the city and Land (state) of Hamburg, northwestern Germany. It lies on cliffs above the right bank of the Elbe River. The name may have come originally from allzu-nah (“all too near”), which was the Hamburgers’ designation for an inn that lay too close to their territory and was for long the only building. As a small fishing village called Altwasser, it fell to the Danes in 1640. Granted trade and customs privileges, it soon became a formidable rival to Hamburg. It was chartered in 1664, passed to Prussia in 1866, and was incorporated into Hamburg in 1937. The cathedral and St. Joseph’s Church, damaged in World War II, have since been restored. The Federal Research Center for Fisheries is in Altona. The city is also a major rail junction.