Sarah Weddington (born February 5, 1945, Abilene, Texas, U.S.—died December 26, 2021, Austin) was an American lawyer, speaker, educator, and writer best known for her role as the plaintiff’s counsel in the landmark case Roe v. Wade, which, in 1973, overturned antiabortion statutes in Texas and made abortion legal throughout the United States.
Weddington was raised in a religious family, the daughter of a Methodist minister. She graduated from McMurry University in 1965 and received a J.D. (one of only five women in her class) from the University of Texas in 1967. In 1972, at age 26, she argued for the legalization of abortion in front of the U.S. Supreme Court. Weddington, with her former law school classmate Linda Coffee, defended “Jane Roe” (real name Norma McCorvey) in a class-action suit brought against the state of Texas, demanding her right (and the right of all women) to abort an unwanted pregnancy. She found strong support among medical groups, women’s organizations, and several religious organizations, who provided briefs to the case agreeing that the government had no right to decide whether or not a woman may have an abortion. Weddington won the case in a 7–2 decision. In 1972, while arguing for Roe v. Wade, she also ran for and became the first woman elected to the Texas House of Representatives from Austin. She served three terms as a state legislator, working for women’s rights, reforming rape statutes, passing an equal credit bill for women, and blocking antiabortion legislation.
From 1977 to 1978 Weddington served as the first female general counsel of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. She was then appointed special assistant to U.S. Pres. Jimmy Carter (1979–81) and chaired the Interdepartmental Task Force on Women for his administration (1978–81). She was the first female director of the Texas Office of State-Federal Relations (1983–85). Weddington turned to academia in 1981, lecturing at Texas Woman’s University (through 1990) and working as an adjunct professor at the University of Texas at Austin (1986–2012).
In 1992 Weddington published A Question of Choice, in which she detailed her experience as counsel for Roe v. Wade. Among numerous awards and honours, she received the Planned Parenthood Federation of America’s Margaret Sanger Woman of Valor Award (1980). In 2003 she was included in Time’s feature “80 Days that Changed the World” for the Roe v. Wade decision. Through her organization, the Weddington Center, she worked to get more women into higher leadership positions as well as to encourage more men and women to become involved in public and volunteer leadership.