Jeanne Shaheen (born January 28, 1947, St. Charles, Missouri, U.S.) is an American politician who was elected as a Democrat to the U.S. Senate in 2008 and began representing New Hampshire the following year. She was the first woman to serve as governor of the state (1997–2003).
Shaheen grew up in the suburbs of St. Louis, Missouri, where her father managed a shoe factory and her mother worked as a church secretary. In 1969 she earned a bachelor’s degree at Shippensburg State College (now Shippensburg University) in Pennsylvania. She then attended the University of Mississippi, and while a student there she taught high school. In 1972 she married Bill Shaheen, and the couple later had three children. After receiving a master’s degree in 1973, she moved to New Hampshire, where she started a jewelry business with her husband and continued to teach.
Shaheen became active in politics, and in 1976 she worked on Democrat Jimmy Carter’s presidential campaign. Four years later she was Carter’s campaign manager in the state. In 1990 she successfully ran for a seat in the state Senate, serving until 1996, when she was elected governor. When she took office in 1997, Shaheen became the first woman in New Hampshire history to hold that post. She was reelected in 1998 and 2000.
After leaving the governorship in 2003, Shaheen ran for the U.S. Senate but was defeated by John E. Sununu. She then served as national chair of John Kerry’s 2004 presidential campaign. In 2005 she became director of the Institute of Politics in the Kennedy School of Government of Harvard University. Shaheen held the post until 2007, when she launched another bid for the Senate. In the 2008 general election she defeated Sununu, and she took office the following year. Shaheen successfully defended her seat in 2014 against former Massachusetts senator Scott Brown, who had moved to New Hampshire to challenge her.
Shaheen was widely considered a moderate Democrat who was pragmatic and willing to reevaluate her position on various issues. As governor, she twice ran on a promise not to raise taxes, but she abandoned that stance in her second reelection effort on the grounds that it would be fiscally imprudent; in her third term she supported the introduction of a statewide sales tax to improve the state’s financial position and advocated increased spending on education. In a similar vein, she reversed her opposition to same-sex marriage after entering the Senate, where she championed rights for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender persons. She also supported such key pieces of legislation as the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. In addition, Shaheen was involved in veterans affairs, and she sought to lessen the burden of college students holding federal loans.