Waskaganish, village and trading post in Nord-du-Québec region, western Quebec province, Canada, on James Bay, at the mouth of the Rupert River. It was founded in 1668 as the first Hudson’s Bay Company post by the Médart Chouart, sieur de Groseilliers; it was at first called Fort-Charles (or possibly Rupert House) and was the first European settlement in northern Canada. The fort was captured by the French in 1686 and remained under their control until 1713, during which period it was called Fort-Saint-Jacques. At some point it became known as Rupert House and then Fort-Rupert. In 1777 the company post was reestablished, and it has been in operation ever since. Its current name, Waskaganish, is derived from a Cree Indian term meaning “little house,” and the village is largely populated by Cree. Inc. village, 1978. Pop. (2002) 1,864; (2011) 2,206.