It is one of the most grueling events in all of sports. Over the span of about 20 days, Tour de France cyclists cover some 3,600 km (2,235 miles) of both flat land and great stretches of mountainous inclines. The annual race’s most difficult section is known as the “circle of death.” The rare cyclist who can perform well at both time trials and climbing usually ends up wearing the yellow jersey (maillot jaune) of victory. The first Tour was held in 1903, and 60 cyclists competed, though only 21 finished. Maurice Garin of France was the winner.
While cheating has marred the Tour from the start, in recent years the race has been especially tarnished by allegations of illegal drug use. Several winners have been stripped of their titles, most notably Lance Armstrong, who was the first rider to capture seven titles. The current record holders have won five Tours each: Jacques Anquetil of France (1957 and 1961–64), Eddy Merckx of Belgium (1969–72 and 1974), Bernard Hinault of France (1978–79, 1981–82, and 1985), and Miguel Indurain of Spain (1991–95). The table provides a list of all Tour de France winners.
year | winner | km |
---|---|---|
*Riis was no longer recognized as champion after his 2007 admission of illegal drug use. | ||
**Armstrong was stripped of the title in 2012, having declined to continue contesting ongoing charges of illegal drug use. | ||
***Became champion after the original winner tested positive for illegal drug use and was stripped of the title. | ||
1903 | Maurice Garin (France) | 2,428 |
1904 | Henri Cornet (France) | 2,428 |
1905 | Louis Trousselier (France) | 2,994 |
1906 | René Pottier (France) | 4,637 |
1907 | Lucien Petit-Breton (France) | 4,488 |
1908 | Lucien Petit-Breton (France) | 4,487 |
1909 | François Faber (Lux.) | 4,497 |
1910 | Octave Lapize (France) | 4,734 |
1911 | Gustave Garrigou (France) | 5,344 |
1912 | Odiel Defraeye (Belg.) | 5,289 |
1913 | Philippe Thys (Belg.) | 5,287 |
1914 | Philippe Thys (Belg.) | 5,380 |
1915–18 | not held | |
1919 | Firmin Lambot (Belg.) | 5,560 |
1920 | Philippe Thys (Belg.) | 5,503 |
1921 | Léon Scieur (Belg.) | 5,484 |
1922 | Firmin Lambot (Belg.) | 5,375 |
1923 | Henri Pélissier (France) | 5,386 |
1924 | Ottavio Bottecchia (Italy) | 5,425 |
1925 | Ottavio Bottecchia (Italy) | 5,440 |
1926 | Lucien Buysse (Belg.) | 5,745 |
1927 | Nicolas Frantz (Lux.) | 5,398 |
1928 | Nicolas Frantz (Lux.) | 5,476 |
1929 | Maurice De Waele (Belg.) | 5,286 |
1930 | André Leducq (France) | 4,822 |
1931 | Antonin Magne (France) | 5,091 |
1932 | André Leducq (France) | 4,479 |
1933 | Georges Speicher (France) | 4,395 |
1934 | Antonin Magne (France) | 4,470 |
1935 | Romain Maes (Belg.) | 4,338 |
1936 | Sylvère Maes (Belg.) | 4,442 |
1937 | Roger Lapébie (France) | 4,415 |
1938 | Gino Bartali (Italy) | 4,694 |
1939 | Sylvère Maes (Belg.) | 4,224 |
1940–46 | not held | |
1947 | Jean Robic (France) | 4,640 |
1948 | Gino Bartali (Italy) | 4,922 |
1949 | Fausto Coppi (Italy) | 4,808 |
1950 | Ferdinand Kubler (Switz.) | 4,775 |
1951 | Hugo Koblet (Switz.) | 4,690 |
1952 | Fausto Coppi (Italy) | 4,898 |
1953 | Louison Bobet (France) | 4,479 |
1954 | Louison Bobet (France) | 4,656 |
1955 | Louison Bobet (France) | 4,495 |
1956 | Roger Walkowiak (France) | 4,496 |
1957 | Jacques Anquetil (France) | 4,669 |
1958 | Charly Gaul (Lux.) | 4,319 |
1959 | Federico Bahamontes (Spain) | 4,355 |
1960 | Gastone Nencini (Italy) | 4,173 |
1961 | Jacques Anquetil (France) | 4,397 |
1962 | Jacques Anquetil (France) | 4,274 |
1963 | Jacques Anquetil (France) | 4,137 |
1964 | Jacques Anquetil (France) | 4,504 |
1965 | Felice Gimondi (Italy) | 4,188 |
1966 | Lucien Aimar (France) | 4,329 |
1967 | Roger Pingeon (France) | 4,780 |
1968 | Jan Janssen (Neth.) | 4,492 |
1969 | Eddy Merckx (Belg.) | 4,117 |
1970 | Eddy Merckx (Belg.) | 4,254 |
1971 | Eddy Merckx (Belg.) | 3,608 |
1972 | Eddy Merckx (Belg.) | 3,846 |
1973 | Luis Ocaña (Spain) | 4,090 |
1974 | Eddy Merckx (Belg.) | 4,098 |
1975 | Bernard Thévenet (France) | 4,000 |
1976 | Lucien Van Impe (Belg.) | 4,017 |
1977 | Bernard Thévenet (France) | 4,098 |
1978 | Bernard Hinault (France) | 3,908 |
1979 | Bernard Hinault (France) | 3,765 |
1980 | Joop Zoetemelk (Neth.) | 3,842 |
1981 | Bernard Hinault (France) | 3,765 |
1982 | Bernard Hinault (France) | 3,507 |
1983 | Laurent Fignon (France) | 3,809 |
1984 | Laurent Fignon (France) | 4,021 |
1985 | Bernard Hinault (France) | 4,100 |
1986 | Greg LeMond (U.S.) | 4,091 |
1987 | Stephen Roche (Ire.) | 4,231 |
1988 | Pedro Delgado (Spain) | 3,286 |
1989 | Greg LeMond (U.S.) | 3,285 |
1990 | Greg LeMond (U.S.) | 3,504 |
1991 | Miguel Indurain (Spain) | 3,914 |
1992 | Miguel Indurain (Spain) | 3,983 |
1993 | Miguel Indurain (Spain) | 3,714 |
1994 | Miguel Indurain (Spain) | 3,978 |
1995 | Miguel Indurain (Spain) | 3,635 |
1996 | Bjarne Riis (Den.)* | 3,765 |
1997 | Jan Ullrich (Ger.) | 3,950 |
1998 | Marco Pantani (Italy) | 3,875 |
1999 | Lance Armstrong (U.S.)** | 3,870 |
2000 | Lance Armstrong (U.S.)** | 3,663 |
2001 | Lance Armstrong (U.S.)** | 3,454 |
2002 | Lance Armstrong (U.S.)** | 3,272 |
2003 | Lance Armstrong (U.S.)** | 3,428 |
2004 | Lance Armstrong (U.S.)** | 3,390 |
2005 | Lance Armstrong (U.S.)** | 3,593 |
2006 | Óscar Pereiro (Spain)*** | 3,657 |
2007 | Alberto Contador (Spain) | 3,570 |
2008 | Carlos Sastre (Spain) | 3,554 |
2009 | Alberto Contador (Spain) | 3,460 |
2010 | Andy Schleck (Lux.)*** | 3,642 |
2011 | Cadel Evans (Austl.) | 3,630 |
2012 | Bradley Wiggins (U.K.) | 3,497 |
2013 | Christopher Froome (U.K.) | 3,404 |
2014 | Vincenzo Nibali (Italy) | 3,664 |
2015 | Christopher Froome (U.K.) | 3,354 |
2016 | Christopher Froome (U.K.) | 3,529 |
2017 | Christopher Froome (U.K.) | 3,540 |
2018 | Geraint Thomas (U.K.) | 3,349 |
2019 | Egan Bernal (Colom.) | 3,366 |
2020 | Tadej Pogačar (Slvn.) | 3,482 |
2021 | Tadej Pogačar (Slvn.) | 3,383 |
2022 | Jonas Vingegaard (Den.) | 3,328 |