Moms for Liberty (MFL), conservative political organization that seeks to influence school policies and curricula throughout the United States. It was created to oppose mask mandates and other efforts to mitigate the spread of COVID-19 in Florida public schools, and within 10 months it had expanded to 135 chapters in 35 states. Over time, it has also broadened its agenda to oppose certain kinds of books and lesson plans—especially those involving race, sexuality, and LGBTQ+ issues—and to advocate against gender-affirming healthcare for transgender youth, as well as to endorse political candidates. As of the summer of 2023, the group claimed 285 chapters across 44 states, with 120,000 active members.
MFL was the brainchild of Tina Descovich, a former member of the Brevard county school board in Florida. In the fall of 2020 Descovich lost her bid for reelection after she opposed teacher raises and mask mandates. She partnered with Tiffany Justice, a former school board member from neighboring Indian River county, and Marie Rogerson, a Republican activist who had run Descovich’s campaign, to form MFL. “When the whole world went virtual, it opened a window for parents into what was being taught, the curriculum and teacher-parent relationships,” Justice told The Washington Post. “So instead of parents saying, ‘I am so angry about this,’ we are creating relationships so they can go to the superintendent and school board members and say…‘How can we fix it?’ ”
Within days of the group’s creation, the woman who replaced Descovich on the school board reported that she was being harassed and threatened. The founders told the newspaper they didn’t condone the harassment, but the local president of a teachers union commented that MFL had influenced school board meetings in Brevard county, making them chaotic and confrontational. Two weeks after the group was launched, a mother in New York got in touch about starting a chapter there. “From that moment on,” Justice told CNN in late 2021, “it’s been like a wildfire all across the country.” By that point, Justice had been threatened with trespassing charges by her local school administration for antagonistic and disruptive behavior toward staff.
MFL leadership encouraged members to show up at school board meetings to protest mask and vaccine mandates—and also to oppose lessons dealing with LGBTQ+ issues and what MFL leaders termed “critical race theory.” Members responded with enthusiasm. The Williamson county, Tennessee, MFL chapter, for instance, wrote a letter of protest to the state’s department of education objecting to curriculum that introduced students to Martin Luther King, Jr., and the civil rights movement on the grounds that it was “Anti-White” and focused too much on negative aspects of U.S. history. Another chapter, in New Hampshire, offered a $500 bounty for anyone who reported a teacher for addressing “critical race theory” in the classroom.
Numerous chapters have demanded that districts remove from their school libraries books that MFL members deem controversial—such as Sherman Alexie’s novel The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian and Alice Sebold’s Lucky. Members successfully protested a graphic novelization of Anne Frank’s The Diary of a Young Girl as pornographic, and Art Spiegelman’s Pulitzer Prize-winning Holocaust graphic novel Maus was banned in Tennessee over a depiction of a “nude” anthropomorphic mouse. A Florida MFL chapter sought to have the children’s book I Am Billie Jean King by writer Brad Meltzer and illustrator Christopher Eliopoulos banned over a cartoon depiction of King and her wife.
MFL members have attracted controversy for their protest tactics, which have crossed the line into harassment and intimidation. Taylor Lyons of Moms for Social Justice—a group whose founding predates that of MFL—said in 2022 that MFL members had publicly accused her and her allies of “grooming” children and had threatened to report them for child abuse or distribution of pornography. The group’s national leaders have denounced harassment on the part of its members, and Justice said in 2023 that the group removes chapter chairs who violate their code of conduct. Nevertheless, local MLF chapters have maintained close ties with violent far-right groups such as the Proud Boys, Three Percenters, and extremist militias, and a library in Davis, California, was subjected to numerous bomb threats after employees expelled a Moms for Liberty group for repeatedly violating the building’s code of conduct.
MFL has always presented itself as nonpartisan and grassroots-oriented. Early on, Descovich said its funding came from individual memberships priced at $50 and sales of T-shirts (bearing slogans like “We do NOT CO-PARENT with the GOVERNMENT”). However, the group has received substantial support from conservative organizations. The Heritage Foundation and others paid tens of thousands of dollars each for spots at the MFL summit in 2023. Maurice Cunningham, a former political science professor at the University of Massachusetts Boston, has described MFL to the AP as a “top down, centrally controlled operation with big money at the top and political professionals working for them.” These efforts bore some fruit—the AP reported that in 2022 just over half of the 500 candidates MFL had endorsed in school board elections won their races.
The AP has reported that Moms for Liberty had also become a “potential key partner” for Republican candidates in the 2024 U.S. presidential election. Former president Donald Trump, Ron DeSantis, and Nikki Haley all spoke at the group’s 2023 summit. In June 2023 the Southern Poverty Law Center designated MFL an “antigovernment extremist” organization.