Andújar, city, Jaén provincia (province), in the comunidad autónoma (autonomous community) of Andalusia, southern Spain, northwest of Jaén city, on the Guadalquivir River. Called Isturgi, or Ilurgia, by the Celto-Iberians, it was besieged and captured by the Roman general Scipio Africanus the Elder (206 bc) during the Second Punic War. Ferdinand III of Castile united the city to Christian Spain in ad 1224. Andújar has a number of fine old mansions and the Gothic Church of Santa María la Mayor, with a 13th-century tower. The area has lead, uranium, and copper mines, cattle ranches, and poultry farms. Its traditional industry is the manufacture of porous jars (alcarrazas) from a local clay. Modern-day industries include chemical processing and the manufacture of building materials. Pop. (2007 est.) mun., 38,769.