Melchior de Hondecoeter (born 1636, Utrecht, Netherlands—died April 3, 1695, Amsterdam) was a Baroque painter of the Dutch school who specialized in bird studies.
Hondecoeter was the grandson of Gilles and the son of Gijsbrecht de Hondecoeter, as well as the nephew by marriage of Jan Baptist Weenix, all of whom were painters of animals and still lifes. Hondecoeter was a student of and an assistant to Weenix. Hondecoeter was greatly favoured by the magnates of the Netherlands and in 1659 was made a member of the painters’ academy at The Hague, where he lived until he moved to Amsterdam in 1663.
Hondecoeter is especially renowned for his pictures of birds fighting and in flight, such as The Fight Between a Cock and a Turkey. Few of his pictures are dated, though some are signed. Among those with dates are Jackdaw Deprived of His Borrowed Plumage (1671), Game and Poultry (1672), and A Park with Poultry (1686). Hondecoeter’s earliest works are more conscientious, lighter, and more transparent than his later ones. At all times he is bold of touch and sure of eye, giving the motion of birds with great spirit and accuracy.