Ica, city, southern Peru. It is located about 30 miles (48 km) from the Pacific Ocean and 170 miles (275 km) southeast of Lima in the extremely arid and intensively irrigated coastal valley of the Ica River. Ica lies within a wide expanse of high plains that border the Andean foothills to the east. A town (originally called Valverde) established nearby in 1563 was moved to the present site of Ica after being destroyed by an earthquake in 1569. It was officially renamed San Jerónimo de Ica in 1640. The region has long been known for the cultivation and processing of cotton and grapes.
A university was established in the city in 1961, and the Regional Museum of Ica has a collection of textiles and pottery of the Nazca culture (c. 200 bce–600 ce). Ica is connected by road to the port of Pisco 40 miles (64 km) northwest and to Paracas, a national reserve with rich fishing grounds and site of the Paracas culture (c. 900 bce–400 ce). From Ica, the Nazca Lines are accessible via airplane. A major earthquake damaged the city in 2007. Pop. (2005) 117,365.