Kapuskasing, town, Cochrane district, east-central Ontario, Canada. It lies along the Kapuskasing River. Known as MacPherson until 1917, when it received its present Indian name, the town originated in 1914 as a station on the National Transcontinental line (now the Canadian National Railway) 80 miles (130 km) northwest of Timmins. It was the site of a World War I prisoner-of-war camp. Kapuskasing later became the site of a government experimental farm and the Spruce Falls Power and Paper plant (1922), powered from Smoky Falls, 50 miles (80 km) north. The mills, which produce newsprint, cellulose, paper tissue, and pulp, are the town’s main source of employment. Pop. (2006) 8,509; (2011) 8,196.