John B. Kelly (born Oct. 4, 1889, Philadelphia, Pa., U.S.—died June 20, 1960, Philadelphia) was an American oarsman who won 126 consecutive races in single sculls in 1919 and 1920, a record that included a gold medal at the 1920 Olympic Games in Antwerp. Kelly also won the double sculls event (with his cousin Paul Costello) at the 1920 Games and at the 1924 Games in Paris.
Kelly started work in 1907 in his brother’s construction company and formed his own bricklaying firm in 1919. Because of his trade he was barred from competing in the 1920 Diamond Sculls event at the Henley Regatta in England. Kelly’s son, Jack, won the Diamond Sculls event in 1947 and 1949.
Kelly was the brother of Walter Kelly, the vaudevillian, and George Kelly, the playwright. His daughter, Grace, was an actress and later princess of Monaco.