Kineshma, city, Ivanovo oblast (region), western Russia, on the Volga River. Founded in the 16th century, the city grew rapidly after the October Revolution in 1917 as a river port, handling cotton, petroleum, timber, and grain. The terminus of a railway from Ivanovo, Kineshma is also an important textile, chemical, and machine-building centre. Its satellite towns, Zavolzhsk, across the Volga, and Navoloki, make chemicals and cottons, respectively. Pop. (2006 est.) 93,448.