Jerzy Kuryłowicz (born Aug. 26, 1895, Stanisławów, Galicia, Austria-Hungary [now Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine]—died Jan. 28, 1978, Kraków, Poland) was a Polish historical linguist who was one of the greatest 20th-century students of Indo-European languages. His identification of the source of the Hittite consonant ḫ in 1927 substantiated the existence of the laryngeals, Indo-European speech sounds postulated by the Swiss linguist Ferdinand de Saussure in 1878. This discovery then stimulated much research in Indo-European phonology, the comparative study of changes in speech sounds.
Kuryłowicz’ contributions to Indo-European linguistics, particularly Romance and Germanic studies, began in 1924. In 1928 he became a professor at the university in Lwów (now Lviv, Ukraine) and wrote Études indo-européennes I (1935; “Indo-European Studies I”). After World War II he held professorships at the universities of Wrocław and Kraków, Poland (1948–65). Two of his major works are L’Apophonie en indo-européen (1956; “Apophony in Indo-European”) and The Inflectional Categories of Indo-European (1964).
Kuryłowicz Memorial Volume, edited by Jerzy Kuryłowicz and Wojciech Smocyński, provides a bibliography and appraisals by many scholars.