Lamu, town, port, and island in the Indian Ocean off the East African coast, 150 miles (241 km) north-northeast of Mombasa. It is administered as part of Kenya. The port lies on the southeastern shore of the island. A former Persian, then Zanzibari, colony, Lamu Island rivaled Mombasa until the late 19th century as an entrepôt for gold, spices, and slaves. The town of Lamu, the oldest of its kind still in existence in Kenya, is one of the best-preserved examples of Swahili culture in East Africa and was designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in 2001. The town and island are popular tourist destinations. Pop. (1999) town, 17,076; (2009) 13,243.