Lorca, city, Murcia provincia (province) and comunidad autónoma (autonomous community), southeastern Spain. It is situated along the Guadalentín River in a semiarid and steppelike area that is surrounded by rugged mountains. The city, which sits on both banks of the river, was the Ilurco (Ilukro) of the Romans and the Lurka of the Moors. It was the scene of numerous battles between Christian and Moorish forces and was finally recaptured by Alfonso X the Wise in 1243, after which it became a Christian stronghold. The old part of Lorca surrounded the remains of its Moorish castle. The new sector is centred on the Calle (street) de la Corredera and contains houses with coats of arms on their walls dating from the 18th century, as well as the church of Santa María Real de las Huertas, which was allegedly built on the spot where Alfonso pitched his first tent before retaking the city.
The municipio (municipality) includes the industrial area of San Cristóbal and the San Juan farming district (cereals, fruit growing). Local pasturelands support cattle, sheep, mules, and donkeys, and livestock fairs are held in the Santa Quiteria suburb. Irrigation has been practiced since Moorish times; water rights are sold annually in the Casa del Alporchón. The city has a traditional textile industry and produces pottery and leather goods. On May 11, 2011, Lorca was struck by a pair of earthquakes. Although they were of relatively low magnitude—4.5 for the first and 5.1 for the second—the earthquakes caused a great deal of damage to the city, killing at least eight and injuring hundreds. Because earthquakes are comparatively rare in the region, many of the city’s buildings were not reinforced to withstand even a mild temblor, and thousands of people were left homeless. Pop. (2007 est.) mun., 89,606.