Muzaffarpur, city, north-central Bihar state, northeastern India. It lies just south of the Burhi (“Old”) Gandak River.
The city was founded by Muẓaffar Khan in the 18th century and was constituted a municipality in 1864. A major road and rail hub, it is a trade centre on the route between Patna (south) and Nepal (north). Rice and sugar milling and cutlery manufacture are the chief industries. It is the seat of the B.R. Ambedkar Bihar University (founded 1952). Pop. (2001) 305,525; (2011) 354,462.