Niitsu, former city, central Niigata ken (prefecture), north-central Honshu, Japan, lying on the Niigata Plain. In 2005 it was merged administratively with Niigata city (about 5 miles [8 km] northwest).
Oil was discovered southeast of Niitsu in the 17th century, and exploitation began in 1898. Three railway lines were subsequently opened through it. Although the output of the oil fields subsequently decreased significantly, Niitsu continued to be an important transport and commercial centre, producing tulip and hyacinth bulbs for export. In the late 1960s it developed as a residential suburb of Niigata city.