Novokuybyshevsk, city, Samara oblast (region), western Russia, near the Volga River. It was founded in 1948 in connection with the development of the oil industry and received city status in 1952. Novokuybyshevsk is situated amid the Volga-Urals oil field and has oil refining, petrochemicals, and associated industries. Synthetic alcohol, synthetic rubber, and plastics are also manufactured. Pop. (2006 est.) 111,822.