perthite, any member of a class of alkali feldspars in which tiny crystals of sodium-rich feldspar (albite; NaAlSi3O8) are intimately intergrown with, but distinct from, tiny crystals of potassium-rich feldspar (orthoclase or, less commonly, microcline; KAlSi3O8). Slow cooling of a homogeneous, molten mixture of sodium and potassium feldspar induces instabilities and results in the separation of tiny crystals of the two phases. In perthite, they sometimes may be seen by the unaided eye; in microperthite, however, they are distinguishable only microscopically, and in cryptoperthite the crystals are so small that the separation can be detected only by X-ray diffraction. Perthite was originally thought to be a single mineral, described at a locality near Perth, Ontario, from which its name is derived.