rigatoni, a tubular ridged pasta of Italian origin, strongly associated with the ordinary food of Rome and central and southern Italy.
Rigatoni takes its name from the Italian rigati, “ridged.” The semolina dough is pressed through a ridged mold, forming lengthwise striations all around the pasta, which is then cut into bite-size pieces and dried or cooked immediately. The ridges have a practical effect, helping to retain heavy sauces such as ragù Bolognese. Because the diameter of the pasta is larger than most other tubular pastas, rigatoni also holds sauce inside as well as outside, and, because the pasta is relatively thick, it holds up well to baking.
Rigatoni is similar in shape to other popular tubular pastas, and particularly to tortiglioni, ziti rigate, and penne rigate, the ridged forms of penne and ziti. Both penne and ziti are cut on an angle rather than straight across, however, and all three are more slender than rigatoni. Ziti and tortiglioni are common in Naples and the Campania region, though less common elsewhere.
Although rigatoni is most closely linked to Rome, it is found in trattorie and restaurants everywhere in Italy. In Sicily, a smaller form called rigatoncini, or “little rigatoni,” is popular, and, in some places along the Adriatic coast, it is eaten with fish and seafood stews. In Rome, one canonical dish, perhaps not to every taste, from the tradition of cucina povera, the cuisine of the poor, called in the Romanesco dialect rigatoni con la pajata. This involves taking an ordinary sugo, or meatless tomato sauce, and adding to it the intestines of unweaned calves, which still contain their mothers’ milk. Even in Rome one must search this dish out in restaurants, but the ingredients are readily available in food markets.
Rigatoni is widely available in ordinary grocery stores as well as Italian specialty shops. It is easily made at home using a food processor with a dough paddle and an attachment to score the pasta and cut it to size.