Saint-Pierre

Saint-Pierre, with Mount Pelée in the background, Martinique.

Saint-Pierre, town and small port on the island of Martinique, in the West Indies. Founded in 1635 by French settlers, it was the island’s commercial centre until May 8, 1902, when Mount Pelée erupted, killing all but two inhabitants of the town—a prisoner in a strong underground jail cell and a shoemaker whose house sat at the edge of the pyroclastic flow (a downslope-moving fluidized mix of volcanic materials). Some 30,000 people died. Rebuilding has been limited, and many ruins remain. The town is the centre of a sugar-producing area and has a geological laboratory and a volcanological museum. Pop. (2004 est.) 4,544.