Soria, town, capital of Soria provincia (province), in Castile-León comunidad autónoma (autonomous community), north-central Spain. It lies on the western bank of the Duero River about 140 miles (225 km) northeast of Madrid. Restored by Alfonso I (the Warrior) of Aragon after the Moorish invasion, the city was later given to Alfonso VII of Castile. Medieval Soria was ruled by the unique Doce Linajes (12 noble families that governed in turn). The churches of Santo Domingo and San Nicolás, the Colegiata (collegiate church) de San Pedro, the cloister of the Convent of San Juan del Duero, and other ecclesiastical buildings are fine specimens of Romanesque architecture. Commercial activities include food processing, sawmilling, and the manufacture of cement, soap, and tiles. The local economy centres on commerce and services. Pop. (2006) 37,753.