spondylitis, inflammation of one or more of the vertebrae. Spondylitis takes several forms; the most widely occurring forms are ankylosing spondylitis, hypertrophic spondylitis, and tuberculous spondylitis.
Ankylosing spondylitis (also called Bekhterev spondylitis, deforming spondylitis, or Marie-Strümpell arthritis) is a disease of the spine that is characteristically seen chiefly in adolescent boys and young men. Its earliest symptom is chronic lower back pain. The progression of the disease can be noted in stiffness and limitation of movement, swollen joints (often indistinguishable from rheumatoid arthritis), fusion (ankylosis) and deformity of the spine, and anemia. Treatment is similar to that for rheumatoid arthritis and may include the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
Hypertrophic spondylitis, also known as osteoarthritis of the spine, is a degenerative disease seen mostly in individuals over the age of 50. It is characterized by the destruction of intervertebral disks and the growth of spurs on the vertebrae themselves. Treatment includes rest, the application of heat, and exercises to maintain a normal range of movement.
Tuberculous spondylitis (also called tuberculosis of the spine) is caused by infection of the vertebral column by the tuberculosis bacillus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis. See the article Pott disease.