tripletail, any of four species of fishes constituting the family Lobotidae (order Perciformes). The family contains two genera (Lobotes and Datnioides), with members of the first genus found in tropical or warm temperate marine waters and those of the second found in brackish or freshwater environments. The name tripletail refers specifically to Lobotes surinamensis, the largest species in the family, which reaches a length of 1 m (3 feet) and is found worldwide.
Tripletails are so called because they appear to have three tails, a consequence of enlarged lobes on the posterior fins. A peculiar adaptation, which may be a means of protective camouflage, is the propensity of young tripletails to turn sideways in the water and float listlessly, mimicking floating leaves. Tripletails are carnivorous and in the Atlantic are sometimes sought by sports fishermen.