Yarmouth, town, seat of Yarmouth county, southwestern Nova Scotia, Canada. It lies at the Atlantic entrance to the Bay of Fundy, 210 miles (339 km) by road west of Halifax. The site may well have been visited by Leif Eriksson and his Norsemen in 1007; the Runic Stone (found at nearby Overton in 1812), said to be carved by Eriksson, is in the Yarmouth County Museum and Archives. The community was founded in 1761 by New England settlers (often referred to as planters). Some Acadians (banished about 1755) returned in 1767, and the population was increased in 1785 by the arrival of loyalists displaced by the American Revolution (known in Canada as United Empire Loyalists). The town, once a noted shipbuilding centre, was probably named for Yarmouth, Massachusetts. It is now a port and a shopping and service centre for southwestern Nova Scotia, Yarmouth Light, at the mouth of its harbour, is a familiar landmark. The town’s economic activities focus on industrial fabrics and dairy and fish products; pulpwood, fish, lumber, fruit, and cattle are exported. Inc. 1890. Pop. (2006) 7,162; (2011) 6,761.