Barrow-in-Furness, port town and borough (district), administrative county of Cumbria, historic county of Lancashire, northwestern England. It lies on the seaward side of the Furness peninsula between the estuary of the River Duddon and Morecambe Bay. A narrow channel of the Irish Sea, now bridged, lies between the mainland and the low, elongated Isle of Walney, providing shelter for extensive shipyards.
The rapid modern growth of Barrow dates from the 1840s, when ironworks were established using local high-grade ore and coke brought by rail across the Pennines. Steelmaking followed, but shipbuilding and repairing—for Royal Navy and merchant vessels—later developed and outstripped the steel industry in economic importance; steelmaking ceased in the 1980s. Submarines became a noted product of the shipyards, and the borough became a centre of nuclear engineering. Extensive wind-power generating facilities have been developed offshore in the Irish Sea. Area borough, 30 square miles (77 square km). Pop. (2001) town, 47,194; borough, 71,980; (2011) town, 45,865; borough, 69,087.