Balangir, town, western Odisha (Orissa) state, eastern India. It is situated in a basin surrounded by gently rolling terrain on a stream that flows to the Mahanadi River to the east.
Balangir was formerly the capital of the princely state of Patna. It is a marketplace for agricultural products (mainly rice) and a handicraft centre. Rajendra College (1943) and Sailasri palace, the Patna ruler’s residence, are located there. Pop. (2001) 85,261; (2011) 98,238.