Calculating Clock

Calculating Clock A reproduction of Wilhelm Schickard's Calculating Clock. The device could add and subtract six-digit numbers (with a bell for seven-digit overflows) through six interlocking gears, each of which turned one-tenth of a rotation for each full rotation of the gear to its right. Thus, 10 rotations of any gear would produce a “carry” of one digit on the following gear and change the corresponding display.

Calculating Clock, the earliest known calculator, built in 1623 by the German astronomer and mathematician Wilhelm Schickard. He described it in a letter to his friend the astronomer Johannes Kepler, and in 1624 he wrote again to explain that a machine that he had commissioned to be built for Kepler was, apparently along with the prototype, destroyed in a fire. He called it a Calculating Clock, which modern engineers have been able to reproduce from details in his letters. Even general knowledge of the clock had been temporarily lost when Schickard and his entire family perished during the Thirty Years’ War.

But Schickard may not have been the true inventor of the calculator. A century earlier, Leonardo da Vinci sketched plans for a calculator that were sufficiently complete and correct for modern engineers to build a calculator on their basis.

Paul A. Freiberger Michael R. Swaine