Brass, town and minor port, Bayelsa state, southern Nigeria, on the Gulf of Guinea, at the mouth of the Brass River (in the Niger Delta). A traditional fishing village of the Nembe branch of the Ijo people, it became a trading port of enslaved people for the state of Brass (Nembe) in the early 19th century. Ruled by African merchant “houses,” which were encouraged by the European traders, the state often sent war canoes into the interior—especially through Igbo country—to enslave people to exchange for Western cloth, tools, spirits, and firearms. Brass was one of the last exporting depots of enslaved people on the gulf; the rulers of the nearby Bonny kingdom used its concealed delta ports as an outlet for their enslaved people destined for markets in Brazil and Cuba after the British had gained control of the Bonny River.
By the mid-19th century Brass had become a significant collecting point for palm oil and kernels. It remained a palm oil port under the Oil Rivers Protectorate and the Niger Coast Protectorate, but it was eclipsed in importance by Akassa, the port of the Royal Niger Company. It is now a fishing port and a local trade center for palm produce, cassava, taro, and plantains. Pop. (2006) local government area, 184,127; (2022 est.) local government area, 274,100.