Bryansk, oblast (province), western Russia, in the broad basin of the Desna River. In the north and east are low hills with mixed forest cover, but elsewhere most of the land has been plowed. Agriculture, especially grain and industrial crops, is highly developed. Towns are small (except for Bryansk, the capital) and engaged chiefly in processing farm products and in engineering. The iron ore in the oblast has been exploited. Area 13,475 square miles (34,900 square km). Pop. (2006 est.) 1,331,363.