Buzuluk, city, western Orenburg oblast (region), southeastern European Russia. It is situated in the western outliers of the southern Ural Mountains along the Samara River (a tributary of the Volga River), near its confluence with the Buzuluk River.
Buzuluk was founded in 1736 as a Russian fortress and was chartered in 1781. Industries include the manufacture of heavy metallurgical and agricultural machinery. The city has four technical colleges. Pop. (2010) 82,904; (2014 est.) 84,671.