- Mercantilism led to the creation of monopolistic trading companies, such as the East India Company and the French East India Company.
- Restrictions on where finished goods could be purchased led in many cases to burdensome high prices for those goods.
- Commercial rivalry tended to result in military rivalry as well, notably during the Anglo-Dutch Wars.
- Colonists seeking to get around the trade restrictions mandated by mercantilism resorted to widespread smuggling.
- The constraints of mercantilism were a cause of friction between Britain and its American colonies and were arguably among the elements that led to the American Revolution.
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