Benito Mussolini was Europe’s first 20th-century fascist dictator, and the word fascism comes from the far-right movement he led in Italy. Mussolini named the fasci di combattimento—paramilitary groups which were largely under his control and from which his movement derived its own name, fascismo—after the Latin word fasces, which was the bundle of wooden sticks topped with an axe-head that ancient Roman authority figures’ attendants would carry to distinguish their rank.